雅思閱讀判斷題怎么破？備考雅思的烤鴨們對(duì)于判斷題一定并不陌生，因?yàn)樵擃}型在雅思閱讀的考試中每次至少占到了20%的比例。但是就答題正確率而言，許多小伙伴都會(huì)覺得要做全對(duì)是比較難的，尤其在Not Given和False的區(qū)分上。 當(dāng)考生閱讀實(shí)力在6-7分段的時(shí)候，做判斷題多多少少有些連蒙帶猜的成分。經(jīng)常會(huì)有學(xué)生來和我說，自己邏輯能力很差，所以判斷題做不出；而我們的確也能夠在網(wǎng)上找到不少雅思閱讀判斷題攻略，有相當(dāng)一部分是從邏輯角度在分析。 那究竟判斷題是否需要強(qiáng)大的邏輯呢？答案是否定的雅思考試實(shí)際上是一個(gè)語言能力的測(cè)試，而閱讀判斷題根本的目的，是為了考核學(xué)生定位以及從英語角度對(duì)fact、claim、summary的意思對(duì)應(yīng)判斷。今天給大家提供更加接地氣的方法，希望對(duì)于各位考生做判斷題帶來一些幫助。 判斷位置： 首先，每一個(gè)備考雅思的學(xué)生需要清楚的是，雅思閱讀本身就是一個(gè)很強(qiáng)調(diào)定位的考試。除了Matching和部分Summary題型之外，其余題型的答案大都按照文章順序出現(xiàn)在原文中·。在做判斷題的時(shí)候更是如此。如果一篇文章中的判斷題出現(xiàn)在第8-13題，考生需要明白，這6題的答案所在段落很有可能就在文章的后半部分（除非前面7題是一個(gè)配對(duì)題型/一個(gè)全文summary題或者段落配標(biāo)題）同時(shí)，6道題內(nèi)部也是有順序的，基本上題目出現(xiàn)的先后順序?qū)?yīng)文章的先后順序。如果能夠定位第1題的位置，那么后面一些題目則可以在文章相應(yīng)位置往下去尋找答案對(duì)應(yīng)。 劃關(guān)鍵詞： 對(duì)于題目大概出現(xiàn)的位置心里有個(gè)數(shù)之后，就要開始劃題干中關(guān)鍵詞了。很多考生習(xí)慣多劃，因?yàn)樗麄兛倱?dān)心劃少了，在密密麻麻的文章段落中看漏了或者是找不到。其實(shí)，在判斷題的關(guān)鍵詞選取時(shí)，我們需要遵循的是以下二選二不選的原則：選特殊名詞，比如大寫/數(shù)字以及專有名詞選主語或者賓語名詞以及介詞短語后面的名詞盡量不選文章的話題詞匯，出現(xiàn)頻率高會(huì)導(dǎo)致定位過于廣泛，盡量不選動(dòng)詞和形容詞，以上兩種詞性同義改寫可能過高，可能難以定位或者導(dǎo)致費(fèi)時(shí)過長(zhǎng)。 BTW，所有的方法都有一個(gè)例外，如今的雅思考試閱讀難度是有提升的，所以在部分考核歸納能力的題目中，難免也會(huì)偶爾出現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵詞不明確的題干。但是只要定位做的好，答案所在句范圍小，是不會(huì)有太大困難的。 代入定位： 在關(guān)鍵詞選擇完成后，考生需要去原文中找到答案所在的句子。極大的可能性是在一句話中，但是偶爾也會(huì)要求考生通過幾句話進(jìn)行歸納和推斷，以此來判斷正確與否。在此需要提醒考鴨們，由于雅思的判斷題比其它考試多了一個(gè)Not Given選項(xiàng)，所以代入關(guān)鍵詞去原文定位時(shí)，為了避免手頭上的這道題恰好是屬于“原文并未提及的 “Not Given”，大家較好能夠同時(shí)把上下相鄰的兩題中的關(guān)鍵詞同時(shí)代入一起定位（即便有時(shí)是連續(xù)兩題都是NG，但很少都是原文中并未提及關(guān)鍵詞），這樣可以大大節(jié)省找到關(guān)鍵詞所在句的時(shí)間。通常情況下，我們的答案都是通過關(guān)鍵詞所在句判斷得出的。 進(jìn)行判斷： 找到關(guān)鍵詞所在句之后，就要開始進(jìn)行判斷了。要完全做對(duì)判斷題，我們：一是需要扎實(shí)的語言知識(shí)，即盡可能多的認(rèn)識(shí)詞匯、理解如何通過句型變化和語態(tài)變化達(dá)到同義轉(zhuǎn)述。二是要明確True/False/Not Given 的幾種情況。以上兩點(diǎn)如果心中有數(shù)，那么判斷題就是手到擒來的一種題型。 接下來我們就通過一些例題來看一下判斷的方法！ 為什么是True? 01 題目和原文的事實(shí)（包括數(shù)據(jù)）一致 原文 In the late 1970s, the infant mortality rate for the children of illiterate mothers was around 110 deaths per thousand live births. In 1985, after the National Literacy Crusade had ended, the infant mortality figures for those who remained illiterate and for those educated in primary school remained more or less unchanged. 題目 Before and after the National Literacy Crusade, the child mortality rate for the illiterate women stayed at about 110 deaths for each thousand live births. 02 題目是原文中的opinion的同義轉(zhuǎn)述 原文 It has also been found that visitors enjoy cultural activities most when they are interactive, such as visiting a marae (meeting ground) to learn about traditional Maori life. 題目 Visitors to New Zealand like to become involved in the local culture. 03 題目是對(duì)原文中句子的Summary 原文 It is not necessarily these small languages that are about to disappear. Navajo is considered endangered despite having 150,000 speakers. What makes a language endangered is not just the number of speakers, but how old they are. 題目 A large number of native speakers fail to guarantee the survival of a language. 為什么是False？ 01 題目與原文事實(shí)或者數(shù)據(jù)不一致 原文 Cinema has also given a new lease of life to the idea of the story. When the Lumiere Brothers and other pioneers began showing off this new invention, it was by no means obvious how it would be used. All that mattered at first was the wonder of movement. 題目 Storylines were important in very early cinema. 02 直接相反（可能會(huì)用反義詞/否定） 原文 As researchers on aging noted recently, no treatment on the market today has been proved to slow human aging - the build-up of molecular and cellular damage that increases vulnerability to infirmity as we grow older. 題目 Studies show drugs available today can delay the process of growing old. 03 題目過于肯定/把原文中限定條件除 原文 Small loans are provided initially for purchasing fixed assets such as bicycles, shoe shine kits and basic building materials for a market stall. As the entrepreneurs gain experience, the enterprises can be gradually expanded and consideration can be given to increasing loan amounts. The loan amounts in S.K.I, programs have generally ranged from US$30-$100. 題目 Only one fixed loan should be given to each child. 04 原文和題目中范圍/頻率/可能性不同 原文 The lack of ability of some cultures to deal with large numbers is not really surprising. 題目 All cultures have been able to express large numbers clearly. 為什么是Not Given？ 01 題目中的某些內(nèi)容在原文中沒有提及 題目 Visitors like staying in small hotels in New Zealand rather than in larger ones. 原文 把“hotels”帶入相關(guān)上下文，并未找到對(duì)應(yīng)，所以是“Not Given”。 02 題目中涉及的內(nèi)容或者限定更加具體 原文 On the website, visitors can search for activities not solely by geographical location, but also by the particular nature of the activity. 題目 It was found that most visitors started searching on the website by geographical location. 03 原文只是看法，題目變成了事實(shí) 原文 One of the Lumiere Brothers' earliest films was a 30-second piece which showed a section of a railway platform flooded with sunshine. A train appears and heads straight for the camera. And that is all that happens. Yet the Russian director Andrei Tarkovsky, one of the greatest of all film artists, described the film as a 'work of genius'. 題目 The Lumiere Brothers' film about the train was one of the greatest films ever made.
